Challenge 03: Sustainably feed the global population
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Ocean Decade
Challenge 03:
Sustainably feed the global population
Generate knowledge, support innovation and develop solutions to optimize the role of the ocean in sustainably nourishing the world’s population under changing environmental, social and climate conditions.
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- Fisheries Administrative Order No. 227: Series of 2008. Rules and regulations governing the export of fish and aquatic products to European Union member countries.(Department of Agriculture, 2008-11-20)This Order, consisting of 11 articles, establishes Rules and Regulations governing the Export of Fish and Live Aquatic Animals Products to European Member Countries. This Order lays down specific rules on the hygiene of processed and unprocessed FA products for business operators intending to export their products to the EU for human consumption. Unless specifically stated to the contrary, this Order does not apply to processed foods containing both products of plant origin and processed FA products. However, any processed FA products used to prepare such foods must be obtained and handled in accordance with the requirements of this Order. This Order must apply without prejudice to the general requirements of Republic Act No 8550, Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998, and the following FAOs as applied to the harvesting, production, preparation and processing of FA products for domestic or non-EU markets: The Fishery and Aquaculture Business Operator Responsibilities (FABO) must comply with the requirements of the relevant provisions of the PD 856 - Code of Sanitation of the Philippines - and such additional provisions of this Order that are required by EU legislation from time to time in force. FABO must also comply with the relevant provisions in Chapters I to V of the Implementing Code of Practice for this Order ("The Code of GMP for Business Operators Exporting FA Products from the Philippines to the EU, 2008") and take all steps necessary to meet the food safety objectives set by this Order. In addition, FABO must ensure that all processed FA products exported to the EU comply with all relevant EU food safety legislation, in particular that relating to: (i) specified maximum levels for certain contaminants such as histamine, heavy metals, dioxins and PCB-like materials, and poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, set out in Chapter III, Section II, Part VII of the Code of Practice referred to in paragraph 2; (ii) microbiological criteria; (iii) permitted veterinary drugs and maximum residues arising from their use; (iv) food contact materials; and (v) permitted food additives and their conditions of use.
- Fisheries Administrative Order No. 226: Series of 2008. Regulation on the mesh size of tuna purse seine nets and trading of small tuna.(Department of Agriculture, 2008-08-01)This Administrative Order, consisting of 6 Sections, establishes the Regulation on the Mesh Size of Tuna Purse Seine Nets and Trading of Small Tuna. The following management and conservation measures to prescribe the mesh size of tuna purse seine nets in catching tuna and regulation on the trading of small tuna are promulgated to prohibit to any person, association, cooperative, partnership or corporation to operate tuna purse seine nets with mesh size smaller than 3.5 inches (8.89 cm) at the bag or bunt portion in catching tuna. It shall be unlawful also to trade small tuna caught beyond the bycatch ceiling. Violation of Section 2 of this order shall subject the offender to a fine of from 2,000.00 to 20,000.00 Pesos or imprisonment from six months to two years or both such fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the court; the boat captain and the master fisherman may also be subject to the penalties provided; the owner/operator of the commercial fishing vessel who violates this provision shall be subjected to the same penalties; the Department is empowered to impose upon the offender an administrative fine and/or cancel the fishing licence.
- Survival, growth and food conversion efficiency of Panulirus ornatus following eyestalk ablationJuinio–Meñez, Marie Antonette; Ruinata, Jesselita (Elsevier BV, 1996-11)The viability of eyestalk ablation as a means to enhance the growth of juvenile spiny lobsters in commercial growout cultures was investigated in a 4-month experiment. Three replicate groups of small-sized (86.3–94.4 g total weight; 44.1–46.6 mm carapace length (CL)) Panulirus ornatus were subjected to three experimental treatments: unablated/control, unilateral and bilateral eyestalk ablation. Only animals which were initially at the intermolt stage were used in the experiments. The average food conversion efficiency (12–17%) and monthly growth rates of bilaterally ablated lobsters, based on both total weight (42.0–64.0 g) and carapace length (6.7–7.0 mm CL) increments, were significantly higher than lobsters in the two other treatments during the first 2 months of the experiment but declined thereafter. At the end of the experiment, only 6% of the bilaterally ablated lobsters (n = 48) survived compared with 73% and 75% for unilaterally ablated and unablated lobsters, respectively. The extreme sensitivity of bilaterally ablated lobsters to water quality and diet renders bilateral ablation impractical for commercial growout culture. The high survivorship and generally higher growth rates of unilaterally ablated lobsters compared with unablated lobsters resulted in the highest gross yield among the three treatments. The results indicate that unilateral ablation may be a viable option to consider in accelerating the growth of small juvenile P. ornatus to a marketable size of 200–300 g.
- Fisheries Administrative Order No. 230: Series of 2009. Allowing the importation and culture of the broodstock and post-larvae of Specific Pathogen Free / Specific Pathogen Resistant (SPF/SPR) Black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon and the culture of the offspring thereof.(Department of Agriculture, 2009-12-03)
- Clonal propagation of Eucheuma denticulatum and Kappaphycus alvarezii for Philippine seaweed farmsDawes, C. J.; Trono, G. C.; Lluisma, A. O. (Springer, 1993-06)Technique improvement and cost reduction of branch culture, micropropagation, and callus production of carrageenan-yielding seaweeds Kappaphycus alvarezii and Eucheuma denticulatum is presented. Low cost branch culture is possible by enriching seawater with 0.1% coconut water with 1 mg l−1 indole-3-butyric acid for 24 h wk−1 or continuous culture with 0.01% Algafer, a Philippine fertilizer. Micropropagation of 0.5 cm explants had almost 100% new branch production demonstrating the viability of callus regenerated plants. The use of carrageenan as a media for callus production was not effective when compared to agar. Propagules of both species, transferred from the University of the Philippine Marine Science Institute (UPMSI) culture facility to the field, showed daily percent growth rates of 5 to 5.5% d−1 over 84 days. Based on the costs of the UPMSI laboratory, a culture facility in the seaweed farming area is estimated to cost about U. S. $22000 during the initial year and 58% less the second year.