National Committee on Marine Sciences (NCMS)
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- Fisheries Administrative Order No. 190: Series of 1994. Regulations governing "Pa-aling" fishing operation in Philippine waters.(Department of Agriculture, 1994-02-24)
- Initiatives in Philippine Coastal Management: An OverviewUychiaoco, A. J.; Alino, P. M.; Dantis, A. L. (Informa UK Limited, 2000-01)Standardized and free-format questionnaires on the state of coastal management were fielded to coastal management practitioners during three workshops and a national feedback and recommendation workshop. The most commonly cited responses were identified for each of 13 political regions and overall trends were identified. Management frameworks frequently included research, community organizing, education, livelihood, resource enhancement, resource protection, regulation, and networking components. Gender issues, documentation, and infrastructure investment were rare. The most commonly perceived environmental problem was illegal/ destructive fishing and its associated overfishing and low fish catch. The most commonly cited socioeconomic problem was the inadequacy of law enforcement. The best monitored variables were usually those related to environmental management: status and change of habitats, resources, and degree of enforcement/patrolling activities. The most common nonregulatory enhancement, aside from environmental education (which is the most popular), was mangrove reforestation. In terms of regulations, the majority of the respondents have reportedly formulated an integrated coastal management plan. In practice, regulating destructive and illegal fishing practices and then the establishment of fish sanctuaries are the next most implemented. The most popular quality-of-life enhancement strategies focused on the improvement of sustainable fishing as a livelihood and on a variety of supplementary livelihoods. The most usual institutional intervention being implemented was the setting up of local community people's organizations. Major factors which may influence success or failure of coastal management and recommendations on research, community organizing and livelihood, legislation and policies, implementation and coordination, and networking are also summarized.
- Cloning and characterization of a nuclear gene encoding a starch-branching enzyme from the marine red alga Gracilaria gracilisLluisma, A. O.; Ragan, M. A. (Springer, 1998-08-27)The biosynthesis of starch in red algae occurs in the cytosol, in contrast to green plants where it takes place in the plastid. We have cloned a nuclear gene from the red alga Gracilaria gracilis that encodes a homolog of starch-branching enzymes (SBEs); this gene, which is apparently intron-free, was designated as GgSBE1. A potential TATA box, CAAT boxes, and other potential regulatory elements were observed in its 5′ flanking region. The encoded 766-aa peptide shares significant sequence similarity with SBEs from green plants (at least 40%), and with glycogen-branching enzymes (GBEs) from human (46%) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (45%). Southern-hybridization analysis indicates that the gene is single-copy, although weaker signals suggest that related genes exist in the genome of G. gracilis. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that GgSBE1 groups within the eukaryote branching enzymes (BEs) and not with eubacterial GBEs, suggesting that its gene has not been derived directly from an endosymbiotic cyanobacterium, but instead is ancestrally eukaryotic.
- Fisheries Administrative Order No. 194: Series of 1998. Moratorium on commercial fishing vessels in Lingayen Gulf.(Department of Agriculture, 1998-06-24)
- Fisheries Administrative Order No. 189: Series of 1993. Prohibiting the importation of live shrimp and prawn of all stages.(Department of Agriculture, 1993-12-10)
- Fisheries Administrative Order No. 187-1: Series of 1993. Amending Section 1(j) of Fisheries Administrative Order No. 187, series of 1993.(Department of Agriculture, 1993-07-13)
- Utility of low-cost recreational-grade echosounders in imaging and characterizing bubbly coastal submarine groundwater dischargeGabuyo, Mary Rose P.; Siringan, Fernando P. (Elsevier, 2022-01)Despite the growing knowledge on the significance of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD), mapping its occurrence is a continuing challenge. This study explores the capability and applicability of low-cost, off-the-shelf, recreational-grade echosounders (RGESs) to image different types and locate point sources of bubbly coastal SGD. Standard and systematic methodologies for efficient imaging and processing were established. The use of RGES was validated using a research-grade side scan sonar (RGSSS), continuous resistivity profiling, conductivity-temperature-depth casting, and MantaCam and SCUBA diving surveys. Lower frequencies (77/83 kHz) of RGESs showed more distinct acoustic signatures of bubbly SGD, as these were nearly the same as the effective resonance frequency of the bubbles. The clusters of bubbly discharges have higher backscatter strength than the water column noise, resulting in the definitive and convenient manual detection of SGD features. Hence, showing more accurate point sources of SGD. Three types of known SGD occurrence were identified and characterized based on acoustic behavior and spatial distribution: 1) sparse, discrete and sporadic discharge over wide area, 2) curtain, high and continuous bubble concentrations from widespread discharge, and 3) spring, direct bubble discharge from intense seafloor degassing at a single point source. These results showed that RGES provides a good alternative for more efficient and cost-effective preliminary coastal SGD works. Additional research on areas with water-dominated discharge but no bubbling is recommended.