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Journal Articles - UP - MSI

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.unesco.gov.ph/handle/123456789/50

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    Evolving governance structures in community-based sandfish mariculture and their interactions with livelihood outcomes: Evidence from the Philippines
    Fabinyi, Michael; Gorospe, Jay R; McClean, Nicholas; Juinio–Meñez, Marie Antonette (Frontiers Media SA, 2022-11-02)
    Sea cucumber mariculture is an important emerging field of practice and applied research in the coastal tropics. This is due to the existing importance of tropical sea cucumber fisheries for wealth generation and poverty reduction, and the potential for mariculture to contribute to the longer term sustainability of these fisheries while generating benefits additional to those from wild caught sea cucumber. Understanding the optimal institutional arrangements for sea cucumber mariculture is an important area of focus in this field, with a variety of arrangements currently in place. This paper documents the establishment of a communal form of sea ranching in the Philippines, as a case study of community level institutional processes. It describes the background to establishment of the sea ranch in the community of Victory, challenges encountered and how these were managed, and the evolution of governance arrangements. In charting this process, we assess the impacts on livelihood outcomes, highlighting this as a crucial aspect influencing this evolution and the nature of community involvement in the sea ranch. While the sea ranching project generated a range of benefits for livelihoods, including possible spillover effects for the surrounding fishery, substantial economic returns from harvests did not occur. Thus, the system of governing the sea ranch evolved from a communal model to a more exclusive household model primarily to improve operational efficiency. In order for possible benefits of the sea ranch to be sustained and enhanced, greater integration with fisheries management and government support will be needed.
    We are grateful to the Samahan ng Maliliit na Mangingisda ng Barangay Victory, Inc., the local government unit of Barangay Victory and Bolinao for their support to the Sea cucumber Research Program. We are also thankful to Tirso Catbagan, Josh Caasi, Rona Cabanayan-Soy, and Garry Bucol for their invaluable assistance during the field monitoring of sandfish in the sea ranch.
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    Metamorphic success and production cost of Holothuria scabra reared on microalgae concentrates compared with live microalgae
    Garpa, Tomilyn Jan; Caasi, Olivier Josh C.; Juinio–Meñez, Marie Antonette (Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, 2024-03-07)
    The production of live microalgae poses challenges for the expansion of sandfish hatcheries, hindered by high costs and limited technical resources. In relation to this, the use of three imported commercial concentrates (Instant Algae®) - TW1200 (Thalassiosira weisflogii), TISO1800 (Isochrysis sp.), and Shellfish1800 (mixed diatom) - were compared with live Chaetoceros calcitrans (CC). The diet efficacy was evaluated based on larval development, growth, and survival to late auricularia (LA) with hyaline spheres (HS), and the number of post-settled juveniles. Larvae reared with TW did not progress beyond LA, while those fed CC exhibited earlier LA development, larger sizes (1028.43 ± 19.38 µm), and significantly more post–settled juveniles (9,268 ± 2,183.79) compared to SHELL and TISO. Although TISO larvae reached a larger size during LA (855.7 ± 62.67 µm), SHELL resulted in a higher number of post-settled juveniles. The better performance of CC and SHELL may be attributed to their higher carbohydrate content. Despite SHELL and TISO having lower juvenile yields and longer feeding durations, the estimated cost per juvenile using SHELL, TISO, and CC were PHP 2.00, PHP 11.77, and PHP 0.52, respectively. Results showed that microalgae concentrates are not a cost-effective option under the studied conditions. The potential use of microalgae concentrates as supplemental feeds and further research to develop the use of local microalgae concentrates to sandfish larval culture are discussed.
    This study was funded by Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) through the project FIS/2016/122 “Increasing technical skills supporting community-based sea cucumber production in Vietnam and the Philippines” and administrative support from the Marine Environment and Resources Foundation (MERF), Inc. We would also like to thank the Bolinao Marine Laboratory of the University of the Philippines Marine Science Institute for the use of facilities and equipment. We are grateful to our collaborators, Jon Altamirano and Roselyn Noran, and SEAFDEC AQD for guidance on the methods used for preparation and protocols of microalgae concentrate feeding regimen. Special thanks to JayR Gorospe for comments on the earlier draft and Jerwin Baure for copyediting this manuscript. The assistance of Mr. Tirso Catbagan in the culture of larvae and maintenance of the experimental tanks was invaluable during the experiment.