Challenge 04: Develop a sustainable and equitable ocean economy
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Ocean Decade
Challenge 04:
Develop a sustainable and equitable ocean economy
Generate knowledge, support innovation and multi-sectoral partnerships and develop solutions for equitable, resilient and sustainable development of the ocean economy under changing environmental, social and climate conditions.
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- Estimating biomass from the cover of Gelidiella acerosa along the coasts of eastern PhilippinesRollon, R. N.; Samson, M. S.; Roleda, M. Y.; Araño, K. G.; Vergara, M. W. B.; Licuanan, W. Y. (Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2003-01-18)In three Gelidiella acerosa beds on the poorly-studied eastern coasts of the Philippines, cover and biomass of this commercially important agar-producing red alga were measured. The three selected G. acerosa beds represented low (mean cover < 5%), medium (approximately 10%) and high cover (> 20%) vegetation. In each of the sites, we estimated the cover of G. acerosa fronds within 10 x 10 cm grids (n ranged from 33–36) in various strata. All G. acerosa fronds within each grid were harvested, cleaned of attached epiphytes and sediments, and subsequently, oven-dried at 60 °C to constant weight. We applied regression analysis to establish empirical relationships between cover and biomass. All linear regression lines were highly significant (p < 0.001, R2 > 0.6) indicating that biomass could be confidently estimated from cover estimates: low cover (y = 0.0171x + 0.310;R2 = 0.67, p < 0.0001), medium cover (y = 0.0363x + 0.118, R2 = 0.83, p < 0.0001) and high cover (y = 0.0304x + 0.481, R2 = 0.80, p < 0.0001). Evidently though, sites with higher overall mean cover (also longer thalli) had significantly steeper regression slopes, which was most pronounced when comparing sites with the lowest (< 5%) and highest (> 20%) mean cover. Nevertheless, we subsequently projected a minimum annual yield from the known 51 ha along the eastern coasts amounting to, at a minimum, 23 t dw y−1. Such yield may translate to approximately 68.8 million pesos (US$ 1.38 million) in gross sales of agar.
- Advances in cultivation technology of commercial eucheumatoid species: A review with suggestions for future researchAsk, Erick I.; Azanza, Rhodora V. (Elsevier BV, 2002-04)An “advance” is defined as any technology that leads to an increase in production of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) Doty, K. striatum Schmitz and Eucheuma denticulatum (Burman) Collins et Harvey (commercial eucheumatoid species) per unit time, effort, area and cost in more than one cultivation area. The present review has shown that no true advances have taken place in commercial eucheumatoid farming in over a decade. These species have remained the primary source of carrageenan through expansion of cultivation area and increase in the number of farmers since farmer productivity has not increased through time. Priority should be given to researches that could replace “tie–tie system” currently being used in the vegetative propagation of the crops and the possible use of spores/sporelings in cultivation as in other economic seaweeds. Multifactorial experiments considering nutrients, salinity and light especially, need to be done to meet seasonality problems in growth/production of the crops. Understanding and developing the capability to mitigate or eliminate pests, herbivores and diseases need to be addressed more closely. Strains should be developed through a continuous selection of wild varieties, breeding programs and genetic manipulation or transgenic production/development. Increasing the quality of extract through superior post-harvest handling and strain improvement should be achieved. Practical and effective quarantine procedures should be explored, publicized and utilized for introduction of crops to new areas.
- Fisheries Administrative Order No. 167-2: Series of 1991. Suspending the effectivity of Sec. 2 of Fisheries Administrative Order (FAO) No. 167 establishing a closed season for the conservation of sardines, mackerels and herrings in the Visayan Sea from November 15, 1991 to March 15, 1992 only.(Department of Agriculture, 1991-12-02)
- Fisheries Administrative Order No. 165: Series of 1989. Establishing a closed season of five (5) years for the operation of commercial fishing boats, including the operation of a gear known as "buli-buli" within the water portions of Lamon Bay, Lopez Bay and Calauag Bay, Quezon.(Department of Agriculture, 1989-04-11)
- Fisheries Administrative Order No. 164: Series of 1987. Rules and regulations governing the operation of “Hulbot-hulbot” in Philippine waters.(Department of Agriculture, 1987-04-09)
- Fisheries Administrative Order No. 161: Series of 1986. Revised rules and regulations governing the issuance of lease for pearl culture.(Department of Agriculture, 1991-07-28)