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National Committee on Marine Sciences (NCMS)

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.unesco.gov.ph/handle/123456789/6

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AGROVOC Keyword: search.filters.agrovoc.resource managementOcean Decade Challenge: search.filters.odc.Challenge 2: Protect and restore ecosystems and biodiversity

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    The Lingayen Gulf (Philippines) experience: if we have to do it again
    Talaue-McManus, Liana; Eng, Chua Thia (Elsevier BV, 1997-01)
    The coastal management of the Lingayen Gulf represents a pioneering effort in the Philippines to manage a coastal area that is larger than small islands. After 4 years of research and plan preparation, implementation was initiated with the declaration of the Gulf as an environmentally critical area, and the establishment of the Lingayen Gulf Coastal Area Management Commission. An analyses of the organization and performance of the Commission provided major lessons for future initiatives in coastal management. Programs on law enforcement through punitive measures and vigorous public environmental education through the mass media are easy to implement, and have significant potential to create immediate positive impact among local communities. At the same time, a program on capacity building of management partners at all local governance levels, is crucial for long-term impact. Otherwise, programs on resource management and livelihood development, which require substantial technical inputs, cannot be appropriately implemented.
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    Characteristics of marine heatwaves in the Philippines
    Edullantes, Brisneve; Concolis, Brenna Mei M.; Quilestino-Olario, Raven; Atup, Dale Patrick D.; Cortes, Aiza; Yñiguez, Aletta T. (Elsevier, 2023-09)
    Marine Heatwaves (MHWs) are prolonged, discrete, and anomalously warm events, which have recently gained global attention due to their far-reaching effects and reported impacts. Although intensive studies have been carried out at global and regional scales, these events remained understudied in the Philippines – a country with high marine biodiversity. The Philippines is highly vulnerable to the impacts of these extreme events as it lies in the western boundary of the Pacific that is considered as a hotspot for MHWs. The present study used multi-year climatic sea surface temperature (SST) record to detect MHWs in the Philippines. The detected events were then characterized using the standardized metrics. Linear trend analysis was conducted to determine the magnitude and direction of the change of the MHW metrics over time. Decadal trend revealed that MHWs in the Philippines significantly increased from seven MHWs in the 1980s to 37 MHWs in the last decade. Moreover, increased duration was remarkable in 2020 with 276 MHW days. MHW frequency and duration were increasing at a rate almost twice as its neighboring waters. Intensities did not significantly increase with time, but the highest SST anomaly is associated with El Niño Southern Oscillation. Furthermore, the eastern and western region of the Philippines is vulnerable to MHWs, but hotspots are mostly confined in the West Philippine Sea and western tropical Pacific. An in-depth investigation of the drivers of MHWs is recommended to understand the physical mechanisms of the development of these extreme thermal events in the Philippine seas. The findings have significant implications for coastal marine resource management, highlighting the need for adaptive management strategies and increased monitoring and research efforts to mitigate the impacts of MHWs on marine ecosystems and local economies in the Philippines.