National Committee on Marine Sciences (NCMS)
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- Individual and interactive effects of ocean warming and acidification on adult Favites colemaniTañedo, Mikhael Clotilde S.; Villanueva, Ronald D.; Torres, Andrew F.; Ravago-Gotanco, Rachel; San Diego-McGlone, Maria Lourdes (Frontiers Media SA, 2021-09-09)Tropical coral reefs are threatened by local-scale stressors that are exacerbated by global ocean warming and acidification from the post-industrial increase of atmospheric CO2 levels. Despite their observed decline in the past four decades, little is known on how Philippine coral reefs will respond to ocean warming and acidification. This study explored individual and synergistic effects of present-day (pH 8.0, 28°C) and near-future (pH 7.7, 32°C) scenarios of ocean temperature and pH on the adult Favites colemani, a common massive reef-building coral in Bolinao-Anda, Philippines. Changes in seawater temperature drive the physiological responses of F. colemani, whereas changes in pH create an additive effect on survival, growth, and photosynthetic efficiency. Under near-future scenarios, F. colemani showed sustained photosynthetic competency despite the decline in growth rate and zooxanthellae density. F. colemani exhibited specificity with the Cladocopium clade C3u. This coral experienced lower growth rates but survived projected near-future ocean warming and acidification scenarios. Its pH-thermal stress threshold is possibly a consequence of acclimation and adaptation to local environmental conditions and past bleaching events. This research highlights the importance of examining the susceptibility and resilience of Philippine corals to climate-driven stressors for future conservation and restoration efforts in the changing ocean.We are grateful to the Marine Biogeochemistry Laboratory and Bolinao Marine Laboratory of the Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines for the valuable logistical and laboratory support provided. We would also like to thank Drs. Haruko Kurihara, Atsushi Watanabe, and Toshihiro Miyajima for the design of the mass flow controller used in the experiments. This is UP-MSI contribution number 484.
- Short-term exposure to independent and combined acidification and warming elicits differential responses from two tropical seagrass-associated invertebrate grazersBaure, Jerwin G.; Roleda, Michael Y.; Juinio-Meñez, Marie Antonette (Springer, 2023-08-10)Ocean acidification and warming could affect animal physiology, key trophic interactions and ecosystem functioning in the long term. This study investigates the effects of four pH−temperature combination treatments simulating ocean acidification (OA), ocean warming (OW) and combined OA and OW conditions (FUTURE) relative to ambient present-day conditions (PRESENT) on the grazing of the juveniles of two seagrass-associated invertebrates namely the sea cucumber Stichopus cf. horrens and topshell Trochus maculatus over a 5-day exposure period. Diel and feeding activity of both species increased under OW and FUTURE to some extent, while the nighttime activity of Trochus but not Stichopus decreased under OA relative to PRESENT during the first 2 days. Fecal production of Stichopus did not differ among treatments, while the lowest fecal production of Trochus was observed under OA during the first 24 h of grazing. These responses suggest that Trochus may be initially more sensitive to OA compared with Stichopus. Interestingly, fecal production of Trochus in FUTURE was significantly higher than OA, suggesting that warming may ameliorate the negative effect of acidification. Diel activity, feeding and fecal production after 5 days did not differ among treatments for both species, suggesting acclimation to the acute changes in temperature and pH after a few days, although Stichopus acclimated rapidly than Trochus. The ability of the two juvenile invertebrate grazers to rapidly acclimate to increased temperature and lowered pH conditions after short-term exposure may favor their survival under projected changes in ocean conditions.This work was supported by the Department of Science and Technology–Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic, and Natural Resources Research and Development under Grant QMSR-MRRD-MEC-295-1449. The authors would like to thank Dr. Ian Enochs for his invaluable help in improving this paper. We also thank Tirso Catbagan, Garry Bucol, Rona Soy and Tomilyn Jan Garpa for their assistance during the conduct of this study. We would also like to thank the Marine Biogeochemistry Laboratory of the UP Marine Science Institute for their assistance in analyzing our water samples as well as the DNA Barcoding Laboratory of the UP Institute of Biology for the species identification of our animals.
- Illegal fishing(Panay News, Inc., 2019-08-03)The Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources in Region 6 simulated an apprehension of an illegal commercial fishing vessel Thursday in Iloilo City for the benefit of judges and prosecutors. The goal was to make the courts more appreciative of the anti- illegal fishing campaign of the government and thus, hopefully, make decisions favorable to the preservation of our marine resources.
- Zamboanga stakes claim as RP’s top seaweed producer(Philippine Star Printing Co., Inc., 2008-03-23)In the face of declining seaweed harvests in the country’s traditional major seaweed production centers, the regional office of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) in Region IX has taken bold steps to intensify seaweed culture in the whole Zamboanga Peninsula. “The objectives,” says BFAR Region IX director Virgilio Alforque, “are to help stabilize seaweed supply in the country, enable seaweed processors to operate at higher capacity and, most importantly, make it possible for Zamboanga’s seaweed farmers to take advantage of prevailing high prices.” Fortunately, a new research by SEAFDEC researchers Anicia Hurtado and Renato Agbayani has shown that deep water (more than 10 meters deep) farming of the seaweeds Kappaphycus is possible and very profitable just like the other methods in shallower waters. This method in deeper waters is commonly called alul.
- Reef Alert(Philippine Daily Inquirer, Inc., 2016-10-09)There is no way attention will be directed at the crying urgency of protecting the coral reefs unless we belabor the issue and repeat ourselves. At the rate coral reefs are being destroyed by human activity or damaged by bleaching due to global warming, it won’t be long before these “colorful gardens under the sea where marine life thrives” die off, never to be appreciated by future generations. Indeed, though the Philippines is “the richest place on earth” in terms of biodiversity, according to scientist Wilfredo Licuanan, he has warned that because of climate change, “we can lose our corals in a matter of weeks, not years.”
- Red tide calamitySologastoa, Glenda (Panay News, Inc., 2017-09-29)Around 2,500 households in the villages depend on the sea for their food and livelihood. They have been displaced, said Mayor Sigfriedo Betita. SB members are convening in a special session today to make the declaration. The coastal waters of Carles’ Gigante's group of islands remained positive for red tide toxins, according to Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources’ (BFAR) Shellfish Bulletin No. 31 issued on Sept. 15.