National Committee on Marine Sciences (NCMS)
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- C30 — A simple, rapid, scientifically valid, and low-cost method for citizen-scientists to monitor coral reefsLicuanan, Wilfredo Y.; Mordeno, Princess Zyrlyn B.; Go, Marco V. (Elsevier, 2021-09)The extent and speed of recent changes in reef coral abundances due to ocean warming and human impacts require more widespread capability to map and measure these changes, especially in countries like the Philippines. We present “C30”, a simple, rapid, scientifically valid, and low-cost method for skin divers or freedivers to take random photo-quadrat images within predefined stations on the upper reef slope. C30 yields coral cover data similar to those collected using the more intensive C5 method and can be as powerful in detecting small differences in reef cover. Less time is also needed for training personnel and sampling. However, more photo-quadrat images, better cameras, and closer collaboration with local scientists are required if higher precision data and estimates of coral diversity are needed from C30. C30 is a valuable tool for participatory, community-based citizen science monitoring of coral reefs.We thank the Department of Science and TechnologyPhilippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (QMSR-MRRD-COR-0-1209 and PCAARRD-GIA 4478), and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources Coral Reef Visualization and Assessment, The Philippines Project for funding some of the fieldwork. The initial research on citizen-science monitoring was undertaken with funding from Oscar M. Lopez Center for Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Management Foundation, Inc., The Philippines (Grant number OMLC RG 2017-18). We also thank the DLSU Innovation and Technology Office for the patent application for the C30 monopod in the Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines. The comments and suggestions of the reviewers are acknowledged and are very much appreciated. WY Licuanan is the holder of the Br H Alfred Shields FSC Professorial Chair in Biology and Br Cresentius Richard Duerr FSC Professorial Chair in Biochemistry.
- Natural and anthropogenic climate variability sgnals in a 237-year-long coral record from the PhilippinesInoue, Mayuri; Fukushima, A.; Chihara, M.; Genda, A.; Ikehara, Minoru; Okai, T.; Kawahata, Hodaka; Siringan, F. P.; Suzuki, Atsushi (American Geophysical Union, 2023-11-29)Both proxy and model studies conducted to understand anthropogenic warming have revealed historical variations in sea-surface temperature (SST) since the industrial revolution. However, because of discrepancies between observations and models in the late nineteenth century, the timing and degree of anthropogenic warming remain unclear. In this study, we reconstructed a 237-year-long record of SST and salinity using a coral core collected from Bicol, southern Luzon, Philippines, which is located at the northern edge of the western Pacific warm pool. The SST record showed volcanic cooling after several volcanic eruptions, including the 1815 Tambora eruption, but the pattern of change differed. Decadal SST variations at Bicol are connected to Pacific Decadal Variability (PDV). Therefore, it is suggested that the PDV conditions at the time of the eruption may have influenced marine conditions, such as the degree and duration of cooling and/or salinity, after the eruptions. Although there were discrepancies in SST variations among the modeled, observed, and proxy SST data from the late nineteenth to early twentieth centuries, SST data from the late twentieth century showed globally coherent anthropogenic warming, especially after 1976. In particular, summer SST in the northwestern Pacific has become more sensitive to anthropogenic forcing since 1976.
- US pays P87m for Tubbataha reef damageBarcelo, Vito; Solmerin, Florante (Philippine Manila Standard Publishing, Inc., 2015-02-19)The Philippine government has received P87.03 million from the US government as payment for the damage caused by a US Navy minesweeper that ran aground on a protected coral reef two years ago, the Department of Foreign Affairs said Wednesday. The minesweeper USS Guardian ran aground and caused damage to the Tubbataha Reef, a World Heritage Site in Palawan, in 2013. “The compensation will be utilized for the protection and rehabilitation of Tubbataha Reef Natural Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site. Portions of the fund will also be used to further enhance capability to monitor the area and prevent similar incidents in the future,” the DFA said in a statement.
- Red tide still up in Bolinao and AndaIñigo, Liezle Basa (Manila Bulletin Publishing Corporation, 2017-05-13)Coastal waters of the towns of Bolinao and Anda, in this province, are still affected by the red tide, making shellfish gathered in these areas poisonous to humans, authorities said yesterday. Local officials have advised residents as well as visitors to the beaches of these towns not to collect, harvest, transport, or eat shellfish from these coastal areas because they are still positive of paralytic shellfish poison. Based on the latest Shellfish Bulletin No. 16 issued by the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) last May 10, BFAR Director Eduardo Gongona said samples of shellfish collected in the two towns tested positive for paralytic shellfish poison beyond the regulatory limit.
- Cavite takes action against water pollutionGiron, Anthony (Manila Bulletin Publishing Corporation, 2017-02-16)Local government authorities in this city have started efforts to clean rivers in the lowland and upland districts of the province following reports that some tributaries are contaminated by waste and toxic chemicals. River dredging and clearing operations were relaunched in Bacoor District in January as a course of action against floods and pollution in the area. During the launch, waste traps were installed along waterways bounding several barangays (villages) in the district.