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03. Science and Technology (Natural Sciences) Committee

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repository.unesco.gov.ph/handle/123456789/3

In creating a culture of peace and addressing sustainable development challenges, UNESCO aims to cultivate the generation and application of scientific knowledge among its Member States. At UNACOM, we facilitate access to UNESCO’s international programmes in the sciences, such as the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC), Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme, and International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme (IGGP), among others.

Through this sector, the Commission aims to contribute to the following SDGs: 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities, 13 - Climate Action, 14 - Life Below Water, and 15 - Life On Land. With the overarching vision of the 2023-2028 Philippine Development Plan (PDP), UNACOM targets grassroots-inspired cultural heritage and biodiversity protection and conservation, as well as multi-stakeholder partnerships for SDGs promotion.

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    Aspects of the growth, recruitment, mortality and reproduction of the scallop Amusium pleuronectes (Linné) in the Lingayen Gulf, Philippines
    Del Norte, A. G. C. (Informa UK Limited, 1988-11)
    Growth, recruitment, mortality and reproduction were investigated in the Asian moon scallop, Amusium pleuronectes (Linne) from the Lingayen Gulf, Philippines. Allometric relationships were defined by comparing different shell dimensions, as well as body weight proportions including total weight with shell, visceral weight, adductor muscle weight and gonad weight. Use of the von Bertalanffy-based ELEFAN I program yielded estimates of growth parameters equivalent to H ∞ = 106Dimshell height and K = 0.92 per year, with approximate longevity for the species of about 2 years. Recruitment, as derived using the ELEFAN II program, occurred throughout the year, but showed a pattern consisting of one major and one minor pulse separated by an 8- and 4-months interval. Fishing mortality (F = 5.3) was higher than natural mortality (M = 1.9). Spawning occurred throughout the year, with one major peak in February and one minor peak between July and September, thereby providing some biological basis to the recruitment pattern indicated. Protandry and size at sexual maturity (54 mm) in the species were confirmed.
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    Shallow structures, interactions, and recurrent vertical motions of active faults in Lingayen Gulf, Philippines
    Flores, Paul Caesar M.; Siringan, Fernando P.; Mateo, Zenon Richard P.; Marfito, Bryan J.; Sarmiento, Keanu Jershon S.; Abigania, Maria Isabel T.; Daag, Arturo S.; Maac-Aguilar, Yolanda (Elsevier, 2023-06-01)
    The surface trace of the East Zambales Fault (EZF) and its associated faults in the Lingayen Gulf have been previously mapped but no other characteristics were reported. This study utilized seismic reflection, multi-beam bathymetry, and side scan sonar to characterize the offshore EZF in terms of magnitudes of vertical displacement. Sequence stratigraphy and radiocarbon dates provided age constraints on the recurrence interval within the Holocene. The EZF extends for ∼ 57 km into the gulf, follows a north-northwest trend, and bounds the karstic terrane (west) and fluvio-deltaic deposits (east). Sinistral motion is indicated by: 1) normal and reverse drag geometries, 2) reversal in the sense of throw with depth, 3) flower structure, and 4) right-stepping and the uplift of a pressure ridge named Pudoc Bathymetric High. The Central Lingayen Gulf Fault (CLGF), to the east of EZF, follows the same trend. The Lingayen Gulf Transverse Fault (LGTF), oriented east–west, forms a flower structure with the CLGF. The EZF, CLGF, and LGTF combined form the Lingayen Gulf Fault System, which divides the gulf into five fault blocks where uplift and subsidence locally occurred. A paleo-delta at −60 m yielded an age of 6.8 kyBP, indicating it was formed during the first Holocene highstand. With natural compaction considered, fault-associated subsidence of 46–53 m may have occurred. The average Holocene vertical displacement is 2.1–2.2 m, which translates to a recurrence interval of 320–270 years for the fault system. The faults can likely generate earthquakes with magnitudes 7.5 (EZF), 6.7 (CLGF), and 6.6 (LGTF).