Conference Proceedings, Conference Papers, and Conference Presentations - DOST - PCAARRD
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- Status of maritime education in the PhilippinesAlcala, Angel C. (Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development (PCAMRD), 2002)The problems and issues of maritime education in the Philippines and the responses of CHED to these problems and issues are discussed. It is important that the quality of the academic and skills training of our seafarers be improved to meet the world’s standards in order to maintain our competitive edge in the global market and to ensure that the Philippines is included in the International Maritime Organization’s "white list”. CHED has formulated strategies, policies and standards toward this end.
- Ecotourism in the PhilippinesCruz-Araneta, Gemma (Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development, 2002)The growing global awareness for ecology and conservation brought a new segment in the tourism industry known as Ecotourism, an intermarriage between tourism development and environmental protection thereby promoting a more environmentally-sensitive kind of tourism. Ecotourism is regarded by many as an alternative form of tourism as it gives more emphasis to nature-based activities. As a development strategy, ecotourism is deemed as a sustainable vehicle towards achieving environmental integrity and economic upliftment. If properly planned and developed, ecotourism could be a viable tool in environmental protection.
- Offshore petroleum exploration and development in the PhilippinesBalce, Guillermo R. (Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development, 2002)The offshore petroleum exploration and production started as early as 1971 with the drilling of the Pag-asa I as the first offshore well. Since 1979, the Philippines has already produced 50 million barrels, all of which came from the oilfields in the offshore Palawan area. These petroleum activities are governed by the Petroleum Act of 1972 which stipulates that all petroleum resources belong to the state and their disposition, exploration, development, exploitation and utilization are governed by law. Of the existing 6 Service Contracts (SC) and 17 Geophysical and Seismic Exploration Contracts, the Camago-Malampaya oil and gas field of SC 38 will be prioritized for development. The gas from the field will be produced from an offshore platform and will be transported via a submarine pipeline from Palawan to Batangas. State of the art offshore technologies will be utilized to realize this project that is expected to bring to the government a total of USS 8.1 billion revenue from the oil and gas sales for more than 15 years. Furthermore, social benefits such as jobs, procurement of local goods and services and taxes will be derived from the project. Such undertaking will not be realized without the cooperation of the government, private sector and non-government entities.
- Improvement and technology transfer of the Parañaque-type solar salt making technology for industrial salt productionDominguez, Leonora G. (Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development, 2002)A study on the improvement of the Parahaque type solar salt making technology was undertaken to develop and establish a practical, inexpensive and effective method of producing high quality salt. As an initial step, a survey was conducted by the Chemical Research Department (now CMD) of NIST (now ITDI) on the prevailing practices and status of the existing solar salt making technology in Metro Manila and nearby provinces. Interviews with salt workers and salt work owners including local officials were conducted. Assessments of local saltworks and salt making practices were made; problems of the industry were identified and areas for technology innovation and/or improvement were determined. Samples of solar salt products were taken for analysis. Recommendations were made and subsequently appropriate actions were taken to help promote the improvement and development of the local solar salt making industry. For two successive salt making seasons, a team of NIST researchers introduced and applied the scientific method for solar salt making in a typical one-hectare saltwork located in Bacoor, Cavite. Appropriate brine management and process control measures were devised and eventually practical experience was acquired. Data were gathered for assessment. The salt products as analyzed meet the specifications for industrial grade salt. Encouraged by the results obtained from the two demonstration saltworks, the improved solar salt making technology was subsequently applied during three successive salt making seasons in five privately owned saltworks as a technology transfer and joint R&D undertaking. This application of the ITDI technology was done side by side with the traditional salt making process of the respective saltworks. Production data gathered from both technologies were compared; representative samples of both crude and ITDI salt products were analyzed and the quality compared. The Parañaque type solar salt making technology can be improved to produce industrial grade salt through the application of the ITDI improved method. As shown from the results of the experiments which were done in comparison with the traditional method on a one to one crystallizer basis, the salt yield can be more than doubled; and since the product is of high quality and meets the requirements for industrial salt, its selling price can be 3 to 4 times higher compared to the traditional crude solar salt product. Consequently, the income that can be derived using the ITDI improved technology can possibly be increased by 6 to 8 times.
- The Philippine shipbuilding and ship repair industry situation report 1997Maritime Industry Authority (Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development, 2002)This report presents a comprehensive overview of the Philippine shipbuilding and ship repair (SBSR) industry as of 1997, prepared by the Maritime Industry Authority (MARINA). As an archipelagic nation dependent on maritime transport for 95% of its cargo and passenger movement, the Philippines requires a strong SBSR sector to support its domestic and international fleet. The report details the industry’s profile, including 253 licensed enterprises with facilities concentrated in Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, and a workforce of nearly 35,000 skilled and technical personnel. It highlights the dominance of foreign-assisted large shipyards, the rise of ship construction for both domestic use and export, and the central role of ship repair activities due to regulatory requirements and regional demand. Issues such as low local demand for newbuildings, reliance on imported secondhand ships, inadequate ancillary industries, outdated facilities, and manpower challenges are discussed. Government policies, investment incentives, and private sector initiatives are outlined to address these constraints. Finally, the report emphasizes growth prospects in shipbuilding, repair, and shipbreaking, underscoring the industry’s potential to achieve international competitiveness through modernization, foreign partnerships, and research and development.
- Ocean energy and its potential use in the PhilippinesElauria, Jessie C. (Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development, 2002)Ocean energy systems are energy systems which make use of the tremendous potential of the oceans and seas - as a result of a great percentage of solar radiation falling on the earth’s surface collected and stored in them. This energy resource creates an energy potential a hundred times more than our present needs. There are four types of ocean energy systems that are considered for development in the Philippines, namely: Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) Systems, Tidal Power Systems, Wave Energy Systems, and Ocean Current Systems. The biggest obstacle in utilizing this energy resource in the Philippines is the substantial engineering development required to make the scheme. The feasibility of using these energy sources has already been demonstrated in various parts of the world. In the Philippines initial works have already been made to tap the private sector in the development of these technologies. The implementation of Executive Order No. 462 (enabling private sector participation in the exploration, utilization, development and commercialization of ocean, solar and wind energy resources) which was issued last December 1997 would pave the way for the full-scale development of ocean energy.
- A perspective on Philippine seabed explorationTumonong, Malyn M. L.; Quebral, Ramon D. (Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development, 2002)The issues and challenges currently facing the mineral industry led to the shift in its operating principles. Primary of which is the establishment of Sustainable Mining and Best Practice in environmental management. Corollary to these would be the search for alternative solutions to major and prevalent issues. Seabed exploration, consequently leading to seabed mining is one alternative. Seabed exploration is a relatively young scientific endeavor in the country. Initiated in the early seventies by the then Bureau of Mines and Geosciences, most of its activities were concentrated near or along coastal areas. The lack of a legal framework and advancement in technology and methodology proved to be a hindrance to its open and wider acceptability as an option in mineral resource development Notwithstanding these impediments, the other resulting contributions from seabed exploratory data proved to be the significant supplement to geoscientific studies and technology advancements. These and the fact that the Philippines is a highly endowed country are enough reasons to sustain and develop Philippine seabed exploration.
- Status and recent developments in capture fisheriesDickson, Jonathan O.; Chiuco, Marites B. (Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development, 2002)The state of Philippine capture fisheries, its context and role to the country's economy, the production performance of concerned sectors over the years, major problems and issues, advances and future trends are presented.
- Overview of ocean aquaculture in the PhilippinesIngles, Jose A.; Babaran, Ricardo P. (Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development, 2002)This paper briefly discusses the status of the mariculture industry of the Philippines and its role in the fisheries sector in the third millennium.
- New horizons for naval oceanographyDacanay, Rafael V.; Reyes, Rolando (Philippine Council for Aquatic and Marine Research and Development, 2002)Naval oceanography is a crucial field that extends beyond the traditional study of the sea, focusing on the investigation of all physical phenomena that influence naval operations. It encompasses the collection, processing, application, and dissemination of information across oceanography, hydrography, and meteorology. This discipline plays an essential role in daily naval operations and is increasingly vital for the effective performance of modern naval weapon systems. Oceanographic factors, including bioluminescence, internal waves, and shadow zones, have significant impacts on naval activities. Historical events, such as the bombing of Pearl Harbor and the Normandy invasion, underscore the critical influence of oceanographic knowledge in naval history. The Philippine Navy has established the Naval Oceanographic and Meteorological Unit (NOMU) to manage oceanographic, hydrographic, and meteorological activities, supporting fleet operations and contributing to the development of marine science in the country.